Sample Text
Sample text
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During [1] the early twentieth century, in addition [4] to industrialisation, urban growth and technological development, Australian society was experiencing a transformation of the domestic ideal. Consequently [5], people were subject to an increasing array of government and professional programs aiming to manage and regulate life, particularly [6] family life. Some of these programs were designed to counter social changes, others were designed to engineer them; overall [2] they each heralded a growing expert encroachment into the private sphere. Intervention and influence took three forms. Firstly [3] , techniques designed to maximise efficiency were introduced into the home and scientific principles were applied to its design. In addition [4], housework and parenting methods were scrutinised and subject to unprecedented standards. Secondly [3] , all aspects of reproduction attracted increasing intervention from government and the medical profession. Thirdly [3], state, professional and philanthropic groups began to usurp the parental role within the family through instruction and policy. Ultimately [2], the development of 'modern' social ideals brought regulation, intervention and ever-increasing unrealistic standards. |
[1] Indicating a specific time [2] Indicating a conclusion [3] To indicate sequence and logically divide an idea [4] Indicating extra information [5] Indicating a result [6] To add emphasis |
Each transitional signals has special meaning. Each one show how the following sentence relates to the preceding one. Of course you should not use a transitional signal in front of every sentence in a paragraph. Using too many transitional signals can be just as confusing as using too few. How ever, good writing requires that you use enough transitional signals to make the relationship among your idea clear.
Types of Transition Signals
Transition signals can be divided into four basic groups according to functions : sentence connectors, coordinators (coordinating conjunctions), subordinators (subordinating conjunctions), prepositions and determiners.
Sentence connector : however, therefore, furthermore, for example, on the other hand, in addition, still, otherwise.
Sentence connectors join one independent clause with another to form a compound sentence, which is punctuated with semicolon (;) and comma (,)
Independent Clause; sentence connectors, independent clause
I dislike mushroom; therefore, I never eat them.
Mushrooms are good for you; however, I never eat them.
Notice that the sentence connector following the semicolon is not capitalized.
Sentence connectors may also come at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a simple sentence. In these cases, punctuate them with commas as follows :
At the beginning
Therefore, I never eat them.
On the other hand, mushrooms are good for you.
In the middle
I, therefore, never eat them.
Mushroom, on the other hand, are good for you.
If the sentence connector is one word, the commas may be omited : I therefore never eat them.
At the end
I never eat them, therefore.
Mushroom are good for you, on the other hand.
Coordinators ; and, but, yet, or, nor, for, so
These seven coordinators join two independent clauses to form a compound sentence. Punctuate the sentence with a comma after the first clause
Independent Clause, Coordinator, Independent Clause
Mushroom are good for you, but I dislike them.
I dislike mushrooms, so I never eat them.
Subordinators; because, after, since, as, although, if, when
Subordinators introduce a dependent clause that is joined to an independent clause to form a complex sentence. There are two positions for the dependent clause.
If the dependant clause come before the independent clause, use a comma after it
Dependent Clause, Independent Clause
Although mushrooms are good for you, I dislike them.
Because I dislike mushrooms, I never eat them.
If the dependent clause comes after the independent clause, do not use a comma.
Independent Clause Dependent Clause
I dislike mushroom although they are good for you.
I never eat mushroom because I dislike them.
Preposition and Determiners
Because of, due to, in spite of (preposition)
Another, additional final (determiners)
This group of transition signals has no special rules for punctuation.
I dislike mushroom because of a bad experience I once had.
Another reason I dislike mushrooms is their rubbery consistency.
Important points
Every good paragraph contains appropriate transition signals that show the relationship of one idea to the next.
Transition signals can be sentence connectors, coordinators, subordiantors, prepositions or determiners.
Each type of transition signal is punctuated differently.