5.3 RECOGNIZE SUBJECT AND PREDICATE, LONG AND COMPLICATED SENTENCES, RECONSTRUCT SENTENCES
1. RECOGNIZE SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
Before translating, long sentences must be identified for the elements. Types of sentences are simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence, compound complex sentence. a. Simple sentences consist of one subject and one predicate. e.g. The subject is interesting. Mata kuliah ini menarik. It is important to study history. Belajar sejarah itu penting. b. Compound sentences consist of two simple sentences combined by coordinate conjunctions (AND, BUT, OR SO). e.g. Bali is a beautiful island AND there are many visitors there. Millions of people study English BUT only few succeed. c. Complex Sentences have more than one subject and predicate which consist of main and sub clauses. e.g. The course that the students take sometimes does not suit their talent and ability.
2. LONG AND COMPLICATED SENTENCES
To translate this kind of sentence, divide it into several short and separated sentences first. For example: Against this background it is difficult to explain the Indian influence on Old Javanese – which was, as we have seen, almost exclusively Sanskrit – as being the result of ordinary social contacts or, in particular, as has been suggested, of intermarriage between Indonesians and foreigners of Indian origin who had established themselves either temporarily or permanently in Java. Dengan latar belakang ini, sulit untuk menjelaskan pengaruh India dalam bahasa Jawa Kuno yang seperti kita lihat merupakan bahasa Sansekerta, sebagai akibat dari kontak biasa atau khususnya seperti yang pernah dikemukakan sebagai akibat dari adanya kawin campur antara orang Indonesia dan orang asing keturunan India yang menetap di Indonesia, baik secara sementara maupun permanen.
3. RECONSTRUCT SENTENCES
Sometimes you need to reconstruct sentences in translating straight and long phrases. For example: …. the gross commercialism and ostentatious life style of many of the newly rich in Modern Southeast Asia. Orang kaya baru di masyarakat Asia Tenggara yang modern menganut komersialisme yang kasar dan gaya hidup yang pongah.